NCERT NEET Biology | Chapter 7 : Structural Organisation in Animals (English Version) Quick Revision

STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS

Simple Epithelium

Squamous epithelium

Blood vessels, Air sacs

Cuboidal epithelium

Ducts of glands, PCT (microvilli)

Columner epithelium

Stomach, Intestine

Ciliated columnar epithelium

Bronchioles, Fallopian tube

Glandular Epithelium

Unicellular : Goblet cells of the alimentary canal
Multicellular : Salivary glands
Exocrine glands : (Duct present) Mucus, saliva, earwax etc.
Endocrine glands : (Duct less) Thyroid, thymus etc.
Compound epithelium : They cover dry surface of skin, buccal cavity, pharynx, inner lining of ducts of salivary glands and pancreatic ducts

Connective Tissue

Loose Connective Tissues

Areolar Tissue & Adipose Tissue

Dense Connective Tissues

Tendons (WFCT) & Ligaments (YFCT)

Special Connective Tissues

Blood, Bone & Cartilage

Organ and Organ System

Heart has epithelial, connective, muscular & neural tissues.

(One or more type of tissues)

Cockroach : (Nocturnal, omnivores) Periplaneta americana

Sclerites: (i) Dorsal: Tergites

(ii) Ventral: Sternites

Anal Cerci: 10th Abdominal segment.
Female:

7th sternum - boat shaped

Ovaries: 2nd to 6th Abdominal segment

Genital Pouch - 7th, 8th & 9th sterna.

Male:
Genital Pouch- Dorsally 9th & 10th terga and ventrally by 9th sterna.
Anal Style- 9th Abdominal segment.
Testis- 4th to 6th Abdominal segment.

Common Indian earthworms : Pheretima and Lumbricus

Muscular gizzard: 8-9th segment.

Typhlosole: 26th to 35th

Blood gland: 4th to 6th

Nephridia: (i) septal: 15th to last

(ii) Integumentary: 3rd to last

(iii) Pharyngeal: 4th to 6th

Testes: 10th to 11th

Male gonopore: 18th (ventro-lateral)

Spermathecal: 6th to 9th

Ovaries: 12th to 13th (inter segmental septa)

Female Gonopore: 14th (Ventral)

Clitellum: 14th to 16th

Frog : Rana tigrina

Male: Presence of copulatory pad on 1st digit of forelimb.

Have vocal sacs.

Question 1: Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the habitat and habit of Rana tigrina?
a) They are poikilotherms that exhibit camouflage.
b) They undergo aestivation during the summer and hibernation during the winter.
c) They actively drink water to stay hydrated during terrestrial excursions.
d) They are found in both fresh water and land habitats.
Answer: c.

Question 2: In frogs, the brain is enclosed in the cranium and is divided into three parts. Which of the following is an unpaired structure found in the forebrain?
a) Cerebral hemispheres.
b) Olfactory lobes.
c) Diencephalon.
d) Optic lobes.
Answer: c.

Question 3: Given below are two statements regarding the morphology of a frog:Statement I: The dorsal side of the body is olive green with dark irregular spots, while the ventral side is pale yellow. Statement II: The body is divided into head, neck, and trunk, with the tail being absent.
Choose the correct option:
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Answer: c.

Question 4: Assertion (A): The alimentary canal of frogs is comparatively short. Reason (R): Frogs are carnivorous animals.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: a.

Question 5: Which of the following correctly traces the pathway of air during pulmonary respiration in frogs?
a) Nostrils → Lungs → Buccal cavity.
b) Buccal cavity → Nostrils → Lungs.
c) Nostrils → Buccal cavity → Lungs.
d) Lungs → Buccal cavity → Nostrils.
Answer: c.

Question 6: Match List-I with List-II regarding the sense organs of the frog:
List-I (Organ) A. Sensory papillae
B. Taste buds
C. Nasal epithelium
D. Simple eyes
List-II (Function)
I. Vision
II. Smell
III. Taste
IV. Touch
a) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.
b) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.
c) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I.
d) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV.
Answer: a.

Question 7: During extreme conditions like aestivation and hibernation, the sole mode of respiration in frogs is:
a) Pulmonary respiration.
b) Buccal respiration.
c) Cutaneous respiration.
d) Branchial respiration.
Answer: c.

Question 8: Consider the following features:
1. Presence of a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb.
2. Presence of a prominent vocal sac.
3. Forelimbs with 5 digits.
How many of the above features are associated exclusively with male frogs?
a) Only one.
b) Only two.
c) All three.
d) None.
Answer: b.

Question 9: The triangular structure that joins the right atrium on the dorsal side of the frog's heart is called the:
a) Conus arteriosus.
b) Sinus venosus.
c) Pericardium.
d) Foramen magnum.
Answer: b.

Question 10: In the female reproductive system of a frog, the ovaries are situated near the kidneys. What is the functional relationship between the ovaries and the kidneys?
a) They share a common urinogenital duct.
b) The ovaries are connected to the kidneys via Vasa efferentia.
c) There is no functional connection with the kidneys.
d) The ovaries discharge ova directly into the Bidder's canal of the kidney.
Answer: c.

Question 11: Assertion (A): In male frogs, the ureter acts as a urinogenital duct. Reason (R): In female frogs, the ureter and oviduct open separately into the cloaca.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: b.

Question 12: Which structure in the frog's digestive system is responsible for the secretion of bile, and what is its primary function?
a) Pancreas; digests proteins.
b) Liver; emulsifies fat.
c) Stomach; secretes HCl.
d) Intestine; absorbs digested food.
Answer: b.

Question 13: The medulla oblongata in a frog passes through which structure to continue into the spinal cord?
a) Bidder's canal.
b) Mesorchium.
c) Foramen magnum.
d) Cloacal aperture.
Answer: c.

Question 14: How many ova can a mature female frog lay at a single time?
a) 1000 to 1500.
b) 1500 to 2000.
c) 2500 to 3000.
d) 3500 to 4000.
Answer: c.

Question 15: Which of the following statements accurately describes the composition of a frog's blood?
a) It contains enucleated RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
b) It contains nucleated RBCs with haemoglobin, WBCs, and platelets.
c) It lacks RBCs but contains haemoglobin dissolved in plasma.
d) It contains nucleated RBCs but lacks platelets.
Answer: b.

Question 16: Statement I: Frogs have a closed circulatory system with a three-chambered heart. Statement II: Frogs possess both a Hepatic portal system and a Renal portal system.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Answer: a.

Question 17: In the male reproductive system of a frog, what is the correct route of sperm transport?
a) Testis → Vasa efferentia → Bidder's canal → Kidney → Urinogenital duct → Cloaca.
b) Testis → Bidder's canal → Vasa efferentia → Kidney → Urinogenital duct → Cloaca.
c) Testis → Vasa efferentia → Kidney → Bidder's canal → Urinogenital duct → Cloaca.
d) Testis → Kidney → Vasa efferentia → Urinogenital duct → Bidder's canal → Cloaca.
Answer: c.

Question 18: The partially digested food in the stomach of a frog, acted upon by HCl and gastric juices, is called:
a) Bolus.
b) Chyme.
c) Chyle.
d) Faeces.
Answer: b.

Question 19: Which of the following structures acts as a small, median chamber that helps pass faecal matter, urine, and sperms to the exterior?
a) Rectum.
b) Urinary bladder.
c) Cloaca.
d) Urinogenital duct.
Answer: c.

Question 20: The testes of a male frog are attached to the upper part of the kidneys by a double fold of peritoneum known as the:
a) Myometrium.
b) Endothelium.
c) Mesorchium.
d) Pericardium.
Answer: c.

Question 21: How many pairs of cranial nerves are present in a frog?
a) 10 pairs.
b) 12 pairs.
c) 31 pairs.
d) 8 pairs.
Answer: a.

Question 22: Which of the following represents the structural and functional unit of the frog's kidney?
a) Neuron.
b) Nephron/uriniferous tubule.
c) Vasa efferentia.
d) Alveoli.
Answer: b.

Question 23: Assertion (A): Lymph in frogs is identical in composition to their blood. Reason (R): The lymphatic system consists of lymph, lymph channels, and lymph nodes.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: d.

Question 24: In the digestive system of a frog, digested food is primarily absorbed by:
a) The walls of the stomach.
b) Villi and microvilli in the intestine.
c) The hepatic portal vein.
d) The cloacal chamber.
Answer: b.

Question 25: Which statement correctly describes the nature of fertilization and development in frogs?
a) Internal fertilization with direct development.
b) Internal fertilization with a larval stage called tadpole.
c) External fertilization in water with direct development.
d) External fertilization in water with a larval stage called tadpole.
Answer: d.

Question 26: The hindlimbs of a frog are differentiated from the forelimbs by being:
a) Smaller and unwebbed.
b) Larger, more muscular, and webbed.
c) Equipped with 4 digits instead of 5.
d) Used solely for walking, while forelimbs are for leaping.
Answer: b.

Question 27: Which of the following represents the correct categorization of a frog's excretory system based on the primary nitrogenous waste it produces?
a) Ammonotelic.
b) Uricotelic.
c) Ureotelic.
d) Guanotelic.
Answer: c.

Question 28: Identify the incorrect match regarding the parts of the frog's brain:
a) Forebrain - Cerebral hemispheres b) Midbrain - Optic lobes c) Hindbrain - Cerebellum d) Forebrain - Medulla oblongata
Answer: d.Question 29: Bile and pancreatic juice enter the intestine through a:
a) Common bile duct.
b) Hepatic portal vein.
c) Bidder's canal.
d) Cloacal aperture.
Answer: a.

Question 30: The ventricle of the frog's heart opens into a sac-like structure on its ventral side called the:
a) Sinus venosus.
b) Conus arteriosus.
c) Atrium.
d) Pericardium.
Answer: b.

Question 31: Assertion (A): Frogs maintain ecological balance in the ecosystem. Reason (R): They serve as an important link in the food chain and food web.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: a.

Question 32: In frogs, the ear is responsible for:
a) Hearing only.
b) Equilibrium only.
c) Both hearing and equilibrium.
d) Sensing water pressure.
Answer: c.

Question 33: The number of Vasa efferentia emerging from the testes in a male frog is:
a) 2-4.
b) 5-8.
c) 10-12.
d) 15-20.
Answer: c.

Question 34: Statement I: In a female frog, the cloaca is located ventral to the rectum. Wait, the source states the Urinary bladder is "Ventral to rectum", not the cloaca. Let me adjust the question to strictly match.
Statement I: The urinary bladder in frogs is situated ventral to the rectum. Statement II: The urinary bladder opens into the cloaca.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Answer: a.

Question 35: Which combination of structures comprises the Central Nervous System (CNS) of a frog?
a) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
b) Brain and spinal cord.
c) Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural systems.
d) Olfactory lobes and optic lobes.
Answer: b.

Question 36: During pulmonary respiration, the structures situated in the thorax that facilitate gas exchange are:
a) A pair of red, bean-like kidneys.
b) A pair of yellowish, ovoid testes.
c) A pair of elongated pink-colored sac-like lungs.
d) A bilobed tongue.
Answer: c.

Question 37: Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland found in the frog?
a) Pineal body.
b) Pancreatic islets.
c) Salivary gland.
d) Adrenal gland.
Answer: c.

Question 38: In male frogs, the Bidder's canal is located within the:
a) Testis.
b) Kidney.
c) Liver.
d) Cloaca.
Answer: b.

Question 39: Match List-I (Morphological Feature) with List-II (Digit Count in Frogs):
List-I
A. Forelimb digits
B. Hindlimb digits
List-II
I. 5
II. 4
a) A-I, B-II.
b) A-II, B-I.
c) A-II, B-II.
d) A-I, B-I.
Answer: b.

Question 40: What happens to the undigested waste in a frog's digestive tract?
a) It is absorbed by the microvilli.
b) It moves into the rectum and passes out through the cloaca.
c) It is stored indefinitely in the urinary bladder.
d) It is regurgitated through the buccal cavity.
Answer: b.

Question 41: Assertion (A): External ear is absent in frogs. Reason (R): Frogs rely solely on cutaneous sensory papillae to detect sound vibrations.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: c.

Question 42: Which feature assists the frog in activities like swimming, walking, leaping, and burrowing?
a) Bilobed tongue.
b) Limbs.
c) Vocal sacs.
d) Tympanum.
Answer: b.

Question 43: In the frog's circulatory system, the structure described as "closed type with single circulation" is associated with a heart covered by:
a) Mesorchium.
b) Pericardium.
c) Peritoneum.
d) Pleura.
Answer: b.

Question 44: The process by which a tadpole transforms into an adult frog is called:
a) Hibernation.
b) Aestivation.
c) Metamorphosis.
d) Camouflage.
Answer: c.

Question 45: Statement I: Frogs are beneficial to mankind as they eat insects and protect crops. Statement II: Muscular legs of frogs are used as food in some countries.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
b) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Answer: a.

Question 46: The paired structures belonging to the forebrain of a frog are:
a) Optic lobes.
b) Medulla oblongata.
c) Cerebral hemispheres.
d) Diencephalon.
Answer: c.

Question 47: The skin of a frog serves as a highly vascularised organ for which specific function during hibernation?
a) Protection from predators.
b) Cutaneous respiration.
c) Absorption of sunlight.
d) Digestion of nutrients.
Answer: b.

Question 48: The structural component described as "red, bean like" located on each side of the vertebral column is the:
a) Testis.
b) Kidney.
c) Ovary.
d) Heart.
Answer: b.

Question 49: Match the following respiratory modes with their corresponding conditions/locations in a frog:
List-I
A. Pulmonary respiration
B. Cutaneous respiration
List-II
I. Water, hibernation, aestivation
II. Land
a) A-I, B-II.
b) A-II, B-I.
c) A-I, B-I.
d) A-II, B-II.
Answer: b.

Question 50: The final route for the passage of ova out of the female frog's body is through the:
a) Bidder's canal.
b) Ureter.
c) Oviduct → Cloaca → Cloacal aperture.
d) Vasa efferentia → Urinogenital duct.
Answer: c.