Question 1. The twin characteristics of growth are?
a. Increase in mass and increase in number of individuals.
b. Increase in cell size and increase in cell number.
c. Increase in height and increase in weight.
d. Increase in surface area and increase in volume.
Answer: a.
Question 2. In plants, growth by cell division occurs?
a. Only up to a certain age.
b. Continuously throughout their life span.
c. Only during the reproductive phase.
d. Only during the vegetative phase.
Answer: b.
Question 3. In animals, growth by cell division is seen?
a. Continuously throughout their life span.
b. Only during embryonic development.
c. Only up to a certain age.
d. Only during tissue repair.
Answer: c.
Question 4. How do non-living objects like mountains and sand mounds grow?
a. By internal cell division.
b. By accumulation of material on the surface.
c. By increasing their metabolic rate.
d. They do not grow at all.
Answer: b.
Question 5. Growth cannot be taken as a defining property of living organisms because?
a. It only occurs in multicellular organisms.
b. It is not easily observable.
c. Non-living objects also grow by accumulation of material on the surface.
d. Dead organisms also grow.
Answer: c.
Question 6. Fungi multiply and spread easily due to the production of?
a. Millions of sexual spores.
b. Millions of asexual spores.
c. Gametes.
d. Seeds.
Answer: b.
Question 7. In lower organisms like yeast and hydra, reproduction occurs by?
a. Fragmentation.
b. Budding.
c. True regeneration.
d. Sporulation.
Answer: b.
Question 8. True regeneration is observed in which of the following organisms?
a. Hydra.
b. Yeast.
c. Planaria (flat worms).
d. Amoeba.
Answer: c.
Question 9. Which of the following easily multiply by fragmentation?
a. Fungi, filamentous algae, and protonema of mosses.
b. Bacteria, Amoeba, and Paramecium.
c. Yeast, Hydra, and Sponges.
d. Earthworms, insects, and frogs.
Answer: a.
Question 10. In unicellular organisms like bacteria and Amoeba, reproduction is synonymous with?
a. Metabolism.
b. Growth.
c. Consciousness.
d. Cellular organisation.
Answer: b.
Question 11. Which of the following organisms do not reproduce?
a. Mules, sterile worker bees, and infertile human couples.
b. Fungi, filamentous algae, and mosses.
c. Amoeba, bacteria, and yeast.
d. Planaria, hydra, and sponges.
Answer: a.
Question 12. Can reproduction be considered an all-inclusive defining characteristic of living organisms?
a. Yes, because all living organisms reproduce.
b. No, because many living organisms do not reproduce.
c. Yes, because no non-living object can reproduce.
d. No, because non-living objects also reproduce.
Answer: b.
Question 13. The sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in our body is called?
a. Anabolism.
b. Catabolism.
c. Metabolism.
d. Homeostasis.
Answer: c.
Question 14. An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body in a test tube is?
a. A living thing.
b. A non-living thing.
c. Neither living nor non-living, but a living reaction.
d. A defining feature of life.
Answer: c.
Question 15. The defining feature of life forms without exception is?
a. Reproduction.
b. Growth.
c. Cellular organisation.
d. Increase in mass.
Answer: c.
Question 16. The most obvious and technically complicated feature of all living organisms is?
a. Reproduction.
b. Metabolism.
c. Ability to sense their surroundings and respond to environmental stimuli.
d. Cellular organisation.
Answer: c.
Question 17. Photoperiod affects reproduction in?
a. Seasonal breeders, both plants and animals.
b. Only plants.
c. Only animals.
d. Continuous breeders.
Answer: a.
Question 18. The only organism who is aware of himself, i.e., has self-consciousness, is?
a. Chimpanzee.
b. Dolphin.
c. Human being.
d. Dog.
Answer: c.
Question 19. A patient lying in a coma, brain-dead, and supported by machines with no self-consciousness is considered?
a. Living.
b. Non-living.
c. Difficult to define strictly as living or non-living based on consciousness.
d. Dead.
Answer: c.
Question 20. Properties of tissues arise as a result of?
a. The properties of their constituent cells.
b. Interactions among the constituent cells.
c. The properties of cellular organelles.
d. Interactions among molecular components.
Answer: b.
Question 21. The number of species that are known and described ranges between?
a. 1.0 - 1.2 million.
b. 1.7 - 1.8 million.
c. 2.0 - 2.5 million.
d. 3.0 - 3.5 million.
Answer: b.
Question 22. The term 'biodiversity' refers to?
a. The number of non-living things on earth.
b. The number and types of organisms present on earth.
c. Only the different types of plants on earth.
d. Only the different types of animals on earth.
Answer: b.
Question 23. The process of standardising the naming of living organisms so that a particular organism is known by the same name globally is called?
a. Identification.
b. Classification.
c. Nomenclature.
d. Taxonomy.
Answer: c.
Question 24. For plants, scientific names are based on agreed principles and criteria provided in?
a. ICZN.
b. ICBN.
c. IUCN.
d. WWF.
Answer: b.
Question 25. Animal taxonomists have evolved which code for scientific naming?
a. ICBN.
b. ICZN.
c. ICNB.
d. ICTV.
Answer: b.
Question 26. Each scientific name has two components. What are they?
a. Family name and Generic name.
b. Generic name and specific epithet.
c. Order name and specific epithet.
d. Class name and Generic name.
Answer: b.
Question 27. The system of providing a name with two components is called?
a. Trinomial nomenclature.
b. Polynomial nomenclature.
c. Binomial nomenclature.
d. Monomial nomenclature.
Answer: c.
Question 28. Who proposed the Binomial nomenclature system?
a. Charles Darwin.
b. Gregor Mendel.
c. Carolus Linnaeus.
d. Ernst Mayr.
Answer: c.
Question 29. In the scientific name Mangifera indica, what does 'Mangifera' represent?
a. Specific epithet.
b. Genus.
c. Family.
d. Order.
Answer: b.
Question 30. Biological names are generally derived from which language?
a. Greek.
b. English.
c. Latin.
d. French.
Answer: c.
Question 31. How are biological names written when printed?
a. In bold.
b. In italics.
c. Underlined.
d. In capital letters.
Answer: b.
Question 32. In a biological name, the first word denoting the genus starts with a?
a. Small letter.
b. Capital letter.
c. Number.
d. Greek symbol.
Answer: b.
Question 33. When a biological name is handwritten, both words are?
a. Separately underlined.
b. Written together without space.
c. Capitalised completely.
d. Written in italics.
Answer: a.
Question 34. What does the abbreviation 'Linn.' indicate in Mangifera indica Linn.?
a. The species is found in Linnaeus.
b. The species was first described by Linnaeus.
c. The plant belongs to the Linnaeus family.
d. The plant is cultivated by Linnaeus.
Answer: b.
Question 35. The process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters is called?
a. Identification.
b. Nomenclature.
c. Classification.
d. Systematics.
Answer: c.
Question 36. The scientific term for the convenient categories used to study organisms is?
a. Taxa.
b. Flora.
c. Fauna.
d. Species.
Answer: a.
Question 37. The process of classification of all living organisms into different taxa is known as?
a. Systematics.
b. Taxonomy.
c. Ecology.
d. Anatomy.
Answer: b.
Question 38. Which of the following does NOT form the basis of modern taxonomic studies?
a. External and internal structure.
b. Structure of cell and development process.
c. Ecological information of organisms.
d. Only superficial morphological characters.
Answer: d.
Question 39. The basic processes to taxonomy include?
a. Characterisation, identification, classification, and nomenclature.
b. Only identification and nomenclature.
c. Observation and experimentation.
d. Collection and preservation.
Answer: a.
Question 40. The branch of study that deals with the diversity of organisms and their comparative and evolutionary relationships is known as?
a. Morphology.
b. Anatomy.
c. Systematics.
d. Physiology.
Answer: c.
Question 41. The word 'systematics' is derived from the Latin word 'systema' which means?
a. Naming of organisms.
b. Systematic arrangement of organisms.
c. Identification of organisms.
d. Evolutionary history of organisms.
Answer: b.
Question 42. What was the title of Linnaeus's publication?
a. Origin of Species.
b. Systema Naturae.
c. Genera Plantarum.
d. Species Plantarum.
Answer: b.
Question 43. Systematics takes into account which relationships between organisms?
a. Only morphological.
b. Only reproductive.
c. Evolutionary relationships.
d. Only ecological.
Answer: c.
Question 44. Taxonomic categories together constitute the?
a. Taxonomic hierarchy.
b. Taxonomic group.
c. Systematic arrangement.
d. Biological classification.
Answer: a.
Question 45. Each rank or category in the taxonomic hierarchy represents a unit of?
a. Identification.
b. Classification.
c. Nomenclature.
d. Evolution.
Answer: b.
Question 46. The lowest and most basic taxonomic category is?
a. Genus.
b. Family.
c. Species.
d. Kingdom.
Answer: c.
Question 47. A group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities is considered as a?
a. Genus.
b. Species.
c. Order.
d. Class.
Answer: b.
Question 48. One should be able to distinguish one species from other closely related species based on?
a. Distinct morphological differences.
b. Geographical location.
c. Reproductive isolation.
d. Genetic makeup only.
Answer: a.
Question 49. In Solanum tuberosum, 'tuberosum' represents the?
a. Genus.
b. Family.
c. Specific epithet.
d. Order.
Answer: c.
Question 50. The genus Panthera includes which of the following species?
a. leo, tigris, pardus.
b. leo, tigris, familiaris.
c. tuberosum, melongena, nigrum.
d. sapiens, erectus, habilis.
Answer: a.
Question 51. The specific epithets nigrum and melongena belong to the genus?
a. Mangifera.
b. Panthera.
c. Solanum.
d. Homo.
Answer: c.
Question 52. What is the scientific name for human beings?
a. Homo erectus.
b. Homo habilis.
c. Homo neanderthalensis.
d. Homo sapiens.
Answer: d.
Question 53. Which taxonomic category comprises a group of related species with more characters in common compared to species of other genera?
a. Family.
b. Order.
c. Genus.
d. Class.
Answer: c.
Question 54. Potato and brinjal belong to the genus?
a. Solanum.
b. Brassica.
c. Allium.
d. Pisum.
Answer: a.
Question 55. The genus Felis includes?
a. Lions.
b. Tigers.
c. Dogs.
d. Cats.
Answer: d.
Question 56. The category Family is characterised on the basis of?
a. Only vegetative features of plant species.
b. Only reproductive features of plant species.
c. Both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species.
d. Only morphological features of animal species.
Answer: c.
Question 57. The genera Solanum, Petunia, and Datura are placed in the family?
a. Convolvulaceae.
b. Solanaceae.
c. Liliaceae.
d. Fabaceae.
Answer: b.
Question 58. The genus Panthera and genus Felis are both put in the family?
a. Canidae.
b. Felidae.
c. Ursidae.
d. Hominidae.
Answer: b.
Question 59. Dogs belong to the family?
a. Felidae.
b. Canidae.
c. Ursidae.
d. Equidae.
Answer: b.
Question 60. Categories like order and higher taxonomic categories are identified based on the?
a. Aggregate of characters.
b. Single distinguishing character.
c. Artificial classification systems.
d. Geographical distribution.
Answer: a.
Question 61. Plant families like Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae are included in the order Polymoniales mainly based on?
a. Vegetative characters.
b. Floral characters.
c. Root system.
d. Leaf arrangement.
Answer: b.
Question 62. The order Carnivora includes families like?
a. Felidae and Canidae.
b. Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae.
c. Hominidae and Pongidae.
d. Bovidae and Cervidae.
Answer: a.
Question 63. The class Mammalia includes orders such as?
a. Primata and Carnivora.
b. Polymoniales and Sapindales.
c. Diptera and Lepidoptera.
d. Rodentia and Lagomorpha.
Answer: a.
Question 64. Order Primata comprises?
a. Tiger, cat, and dog.
b. Monkey, gorilla, and gibbon.
c. Fishes, amphibians, and reptiles.
d. Birds and mammals.
Answer: b.
Question 65. Classes comprising animals like fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds along with mammals constitute the next higher category called?
a. Order.
b. Kingdom.
c. Phylum.
d. Genus.
Answer: c.
Question 66. In the case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called?
a. Phylum.
b. Division.
c. Order.
d. Family.
Answer: b.
Question 67. The highest category in the taxonomic hierarchy is?
a. Phylum.
b. Division.
c. Kingdom.
d. Species.
Answer: c.
Question 68. All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the kingdom?
a. Plantae.
b. Animalia.
c. Fungi.
d. Monera.
Answer: b.
Question 69. As we go higher from species to kingdom, the number of common characteristics?
a. Increases.
b. Decreases.
c. Remains the same.
d. First increases then decreases.
Answer: b.
Question 70. Lower the taxa, more are the characteristics that the members within the taxon share. Is this statement true?
a. True.
b. False.
c. True only for plants.
d. True only for animals.
Answer: a.
Question 71. The collection of actual specimens of plant and animal species is essential and is the prime source of?
a. Ecological studies.
b. Taxonomic studies.
c. Physiological studies.
d. Genetic studies.
Answer: b.
Question 72. A store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets is called a?
a. Botanical Garden.
b. Herbarium.
c. Museum.
d. Flora.
Answer: b.
Question 73. Herbarium sheets are arranged according to a?
a. Random arrangement based on size.
b. Universally accepted system of classification.
c. Alphabetical order of local names.
d. Chronological order of collection dates.
Answer: b.
Question 74. Which of the following information is NOT carried by a herbarium sheet label?
a. Date and place of collection.
b. English, local and botanical names.
c. Height of the living plant.
d. Collector's name and family.
Answer: c.
Question 75. Which taxonomical aid serves as a quick referral system in taxonomical studies?
a. Botanical Garden.
b. Zoological Park.
c. Museum.
d. Herbarium.
Answer: d.
Question 76. Specialised gardens having collections of living plants for reference are called?
a. Herbaria.
b. Museums.
c. Botanical Gardens.
d. Zoological Parks.
Answer: c.
Question 77. The famous botanical garden at Kew is located in?
a. India.
b. England.
c. USA.
d. France.
Answer: b.
Question 78. Where is the Indian Botanical Garden located?
a. Lucknow.
b. Howrah.
c. Delhi.
d. Mumbai.
Answer: b.
Question 79. The National Botanical Research Institute is situated in?
a. Howrah.
b. Lucknow.
c. Darjeeling.
d. Dehradun.
Answer: b.
Question 80. Biological museums are generally set up in?
a. Forests.
b. National Parks.
c. Educational institutes such as schools and colleges.
d. Research laboratories only.
Answer: c.
Question 81. In museums, specimens are often preserved in containers or jars in?
a. Formalin or preservative solutions.
b. Pure water.
c. Sugar solution.
d. Salt solution.
Answer: a.
Question 82. How are insects typically preserved in museums?
a. In preservative solutions.
b. By stuffing them.
c. After collecting, killing, and pinning in insect boxes.
d. As live specimens in cages.
Answer: c.
Question 83. Larger animals like birds and mammals are usually preserved in museums by?
a. Pinning.
b. Keeping in preservative solutions.
c. Stuffing and preserving.
d. Drying them in the sun.
Answer: c.
Question 84. Places where wild animals are kept in protected environments under human care are called?
a. Botanical Gardens.
b. Herbaria.
c. Zoological Parks.
d. Museums.
Answer: c.
Question 85. Zoological parks enable us to learn about wild animals'?
a. Anatomy and physiology.
b. Food habits and behaviour.
c. Evolutionary history.
d. Genetic makeup.
Answer: b.
Question 86. Which taxonomical aid is used for identification of plants and animals based on similarities and dissimilarities?
a. Key.
b. Herbarium.
c. Botanical Garden.
d. Zoological Park.
Answer: a.
Question 87. The contrasting characters generally in a pair used in taxonomic keys are called a?
a. Lead.
b. Couplet.
c. Flora.
d. Manual.
Answer: b.
Question 88. Each statement in the taxonomic key is called a?
a. Couplet.
b. Lead.
c. Monograph.
d. Taxon.
Answer: b.
Question 89. Are separate taxonomic keys required for each taxonomic category?
a. No, one key is sufficient for all categories.
b. Yes, separate keys are required for family, genus, and species.
c. Only for kingdom and phylum.
d. Only for plant species, not animals.
Answer: b.
Question 90. Taxonomic keys are generally what in nature?
a. Descriptive.
b. Analytical.
c. Prescriptive.
d. Experimental.
Answer: b.
Question 91. The actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area is provided by?
a. Manuals.
b. Monographs.
c. Flora.
d. Catalogues.
Answer: c.
Question 92. Which aid is useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area?
a. Flora.
b. Manuals.
c. Monographs.
d. Herbarium.
Answer: b.
Question 93. Information on any one taxon is contained in a?
a. Flora.
b. Manual.
c. Monograph.
d. Catalogue.
Answer: c.
Question 94. The biological concept of species is primarily based on?
a. Morphological traits.
b. Reproductive isolation.
c. Evolutionary descent.
d. Geographical distribution.
Answer: b.
Question 95. Assertion: Growth cannot be taken as a defining property of living organisms. Reason: Non-living objects also grow by accumulation of material on the surface.
a. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
d. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Answer: a.
Question 96. Match the following:
Column I (Taxonomic Category) - A. Family, B. Kingdom, C. Order, D. Species.
Column II (Examples) - 1. Tuberosum, 2. Polymoniales, 3. Solanaceae, 4. Plantae.
a. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1.
b. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1.
c. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.
d. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.
Answer: a.
Question 97.
Assertion: Reproduction is not a defining characteristic of living organisms.
Reason: Mules and sterile worker bees do not reproduce.
a. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
d. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Answer: a.
Question 98. Choose the correct statement.
a. All living organisms do not exhibit metabolism.
b. Cellular organisation of the body is the defining feature of life forms.
c. Isolated metabolic reactions in vitro are living things.
d. Non-living objects also exhibit metabolism.
Answer: b.
Question 99. Read the following statements:
I. Increase in mass and increase in number of individuals are twin characteristics of growth.
II. In plants, growth by cell division is seen only up to a certain age.
III. In majority of higher animals and plants, growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive events.
a. Statements I and II are correct.
b. Statements I and III are correct.
c. Statements II and III are correct.
d. All statements are correct.
Answer: b.
Question 100. Match Column I with Column II:
A. Wheat, B. Mango, C. Housefly, D. Man.
1. Mangifera indica, 2. Homo sapiens, 3. Triticum aestivum, 4. Musca domestica.
a. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.
b. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2.
c. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4.
d. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2.
Answer: a.
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