NCERT NEET Biology English Medium Part-1 | Chapter 5 : Morphology Of Flowering Plants

NCERT NEET Biology English Medium Part-1 | Chapter 5 : Morphology Of Flowering Plants.

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Question 1: In a cymose inflorescence, the main axis terminates in a flower, therefore its growth is limited. Which of the following best describes the arrangement of flowers in it?

1. Acropetal succession.
2. Basipetal succession.
3. Centripetal succession.
4. Both acropetal and centripetal.

Answer: b.

Question 2: Which of the following roots arises from parts of the plant other than the radicle?

1. Tap roots.
2. Fibrous roots.
3. Adventitious roots.
4. Primary roots.

Answer: c.

Question 3: Pneumatophores are meant for respiration and are generally found in plants growing in:

1. Sandy soils.
2. Saline swamps.
3. Dry deserts.
4. Deep freshwater bodies.

Answer: b.

Question 4: The region of the root that is responsible for the rapid elongation and enlargement of the root is the:

1. Root cap.
2. Region of meristematic activity.
3. Region of elongation.
4. Region of maturation.

Answer: c.

Question 5: Root hairs are epidermal elongations found exclusively in which region of the root?

1. Region of meristematic activity.
2. Region of elongation.
3. Region of maturation.
4. Root cap.

Answer: c.

Question 6: Sweet potato is a modified root meant for storage of food. It is a modification of which type of root?

1. Tap root.
2. Adventitious root.
3. Fibrous root.
4. Nodulated root.

Answer: b.

Question 7: Stilt roots are supporting roots coming out of the lower nodes of the stem. They are characteristically found in:

1. Banyan tree.
2. Maize and sugarcane.
3. Rhizophora.
4. Carrot and turnip.

Answer: b.

Question 8: The stem is distinguished from the root by the presence of:

1. Nodes and internodes.
2. Endodermis and pericycle.
3. Vascular bundles.
4. Xylem and phloem.

Answer: a.

Question 9: Underground stems of some plants are modified to store food and also act as organs of perennation to tide over conditions unfavourable for growth. Which of the following is an example?

1. Cucumber.
2. Bougainvillea.
3. Colocasia.
4. Citrus.

Answer: c.

Question 10: Stem tendrils which develop from axillary buds, are slender and spirally coiled and help plants to climb. They are found in:

1. Gourds and grapevines.
2. Bougainvillea and Citrus.
3. Opuntia and Euphorbia.
4. Asparagus and onion.

Answer: a.

Question 11: In some plants of arid regions, stems are modified into fleshy cylindrical structures containing chlorophyll. An example of this is:

1. Opuntia.
2. Euphorbia.
3. Bougainvillea.
4. Citrus.

Answer: b.

Question 12: A lateral branch with short internodes and each node bearing a rosette of leaves and a tuft of roots is found in aquatic plants like:

1. Pistia and Eichhornia.
2. Chrysanthemum and Pineapple.
3. Mint and Jasmine.
4. Strawberry and grasses.

Answer: a.

Question 13: In banana, pineapple and chrysanthemum, the lateral branches originate from the basal and underground portion of the main stem. These are called:

1. Runners.
2. Stolons.
3. Suckers.
4. Offsets.

Answer: c.

Question 14: The leaf base may become swollen, which is called the pulvinus, in some plants belonging to the family:

1. Solanaceae.
2. Liliaceae.
3. Leguminosae.
4. Brassicaceae.

Answer: c.

Question 15: When the incisions of the leaf lamina reach up to the midrib breaking it into a number of leaflets, the leaf is called:

1. Simple leaf.
2. Pinnately compound leaf.
3. Palmately compound leaf.
4. Reticulate leaf.

Answer: b.

Question 16: In alternate phyllotaxy, a single leaf arises at each node in an alternate manner. This is seen in:

1. Calotropis and Guava.
2. China rose, mustard and sunflower.
3. Alstonia and Nerium.
4. Pea and Gram.

Answer: b.

Question 17: Leaves are often modified into tendrils for climbing. This is characteristic of:

1. Peas.
2. Cacti.
3. Onion.
4. Garlic.

Answer: a.

Question 18: Fleshy leaves of which plants are highly specialized for storing food?

1. Pea and beans.
2. Onion and garlic.
3. Cactus and Opuntia.
4. Venus flytrap.

Answer: b.

Question 19: Australian acacia has leaves that are small and short-lived. To compensate, which part of the plant expands, becomes green, and synthesizes food?

1. Petiole.
2. Stem.
3. Stipule.
4. Root.

Answer: a.

Question 20: Flowers are modified shoots wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral meristem. The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is termed:

1. Aestivation.
2. Placentation.
3. Inflorescence.
4. Phyllotaxy.

Answer: c.

Question 21: A flower is described as actinomorphic if it can be divided into two equal radial halves in:

1. Only one particular vertical plane.
2. Any radial plane passing through the centre.
3. Two specific right-angled planes.
4. No vertical plane.

Answer: b.

Question 22: Zygomorphic flowers show bilateral symmetry. Which of the following plants exhibits a zygomorphic flower?

1. Mustard, datura, chilli.
2. Pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia.
3. Canna.
4. Hibiscus.

Answer: b.

Question 23: When the floral appendages are in multiples of 3, 4, or 5, the flower is said to be trimerous, tetramerous, or pentamerous respectively. Trimerous flowers are typically found in:

1. Dicots.
2. Monocots.
3. Gymnosperms.
4. Pteridophytes.

Answer: b.

Question 24: In a hypogynous flower, the gynoecium occupies the highest position while the other parts are situated below it. The ovary in such flowers is said to be:

1. Inferior.
2. Superior.
3. Half inferior.
4. Half superior.

Answer: b.

Question 25: Perigynous flowers have the gynoecium situated in the centre and other parts of the flower are located on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level. This condition is found in:

1. Mustard, china rose, brinjal.
2. Plum, rose, peach.
3. Guava, cucumber, ray florets of sunflower.
4. Lily, onion, aloe.

Answer: b.

Question 26: In an epigynous flower, the margin of thalamus grows upward enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it. The ovary here is termed:

1. Superior.
2. Inferior.
3. Half inferior.
4. Semi-superior.

Answer: b.

Question 27: When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, the aestivation is termed:

1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Imbricate.
4. Vexillary.

Answer: a.

Question 28: In China rose, lady's finger and cotton, one margin of the appendage overlaps that of the next one. This aestivation is known as:

1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Imbricate.
4. Vexillary.

Answer: b.

Question 29: When the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another but not in any particular direction, as in Cassia and gulmohur, the aestivation is called:

1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Imbricate.
4. Vexillary.

Answer: c.

Question 30: Vexillary aestivation is characteristic of papilionaceous corolla. The largest petal which overlaps the two lateral petals is called:

1. Standard.
2. Wing.
3. Keel.
4. Carina.

Answer: a.

Question 31: A sterile stamen that does not produce functional pollen grains is called a:

1. Syngenesious stamen.
2. Synandrous stamen.
3. Staminode.
4. Polyandrous stamen.

Answer: c.

Question 32: Epipetalous condition, where stamens are attached to the petals, is characteristically seen in:

1. Brinjal.
2. Lily.
3. China rose.
4. Pea.

Answer: a.

Question 33: When stamens are attached to the perianth, the condition is termed epiphyllous. It is typically found in:

1. Brinjal.
2. Lily.
3. China rose.
4. Citrus.

Answer: b.

Question 34: In pea plants, the stamens are united into two bundles. This condition is referred to as:

1. Monoadelphous.
2. Diadelphous.
3. Polyadelphous.
4. Syngenesious.

Answer: b.

Question 35: A condition where stamens are united into more than two bundles is called polyadelphous. This is an identifying feature of:

1. Pea.
2. China rose.
3. Citrus.
4. Salvia.

Answer: c.

Question 36: Apocarpous condition refers to a flower having more than one carpel and they are free. This is observed in:

1. Mustard and tomato.
2. Lotus and rose.
3. Lily and aloe.
4. Pea and bean.

Answer: b.

Question 37: When more than one carpel is present and they are fused, the gynoecium is termed syncarpous. Examples include:

1. Lotus and rose.
2. Mustard and tomato.
3. Michelia and Clematis.
4. Ranunculus.

Answer: b.

Question 38: The arrangement of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation. In marginal placentation, the placenta forms a ridge along the:

1. Dorsal suture of the ovary.
2. Ventral suture of the ovary.
3. Septum of the ovary.
4. Base of the ovary.

Answer: b.

Question 39: Axile placentation is observed in multi-locular syncarpous ovaries. Examples of plants with axile placentation are:

1. Pea, gram, moong.
2. China rose, tomato, lemon.
3. Mustard, Argemone.
4. Dianthus, Primrose.

Answer: b.

Question 40: In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. The ovary is initially one-chambered but becomes two-chambered due to the formation of a:

1. True septum.
2. False septum (replum).
3. Central axis.
4. Perianth.

Answer: b.

Question 41: Free central placentation is characterized by the absence of septa and ovules being borne on the central axis. This is found in:

1. Dianthus and Primrose.
2. Sunflower and Marigold.
3. China rose and tomato.
4. Pea and bean.

Answer: a.

Question 42: In basal placentation, a single ovule is attached at the base of the ovary. This type is highly advanced and is characteristic of the family:

1. Liliaceae.
2. Fabaceae.
3. Solanaceae.
4. Asteraceae (e.g., sunflower).

Answer: d.

Question 43: A fruit developed without the process of fertilization is called a parthenocarpic fruit. A naturally occurring example is:

1. Mango.
2. Apple.
3. Banana.
4. Coconut.

Answer: c.

Question 44: In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as a drupe. They develop from:

1. Monocarpellary superior ovaries.
2. Multicarpellary superior ovaries.
3. Monocarpellary inferior ovaries.
4. Syncarpous inferior ovaries.

Answer: a.

Question 45: The mesocarp of a coconut fruit is highly modified compared to a mango. It is characteristically:

1. Fleshy and edible.
2. Stony and hard.
3. Fibrous.
4. Thin and papery.

Answer: c.

Question 46: A seed generally consists of a seed coat and an embryo. The embryo of a dicotyledonous seed consists of:

1. An embryonal axis and one cotyledon.
2. An embryonal axis and two cotyledons.
3. Only endosperm.
4. A radicle and a coleorhiza.

Answer: b.

Question 47: The outer layer of the seed coat is the testa, while the inner layer is called the:

1. Tegmen.
2. Hilum.
3. Micropyle.
4. Raphe.

Answer: a.

Question 48: The hilum is a scar on the seed coat through which the developing seeds were attached to the:

1. Thalamus.
2. Petal.
3. Fruit.
4. Stigma.

Answer: c.

Question 49: Seeds like castor possess an endosperm formed as a result of double fertilization and are termed endospermic. In contrast, non-endospermic seeds are seen in:

1. Wheat and maize.
2. Bean, gram and pea.
3. Coconut and barley.
4. Onion and aloe.

Answer: b.

Question 50: Monocotyledonous seeds are mostly endospermic, but there are exceptions which are non-endospermic. One such exception is:

1. Maize.
2. Wheat.
3. Orchids.
4. Rice.

Answer: c.

Question 51: In the seed of maize, the outer covering of endosperm separates the embryo by a proteinous layer called the:

1. Scutellum.
2. Aleurone layer.
3. Coleoptile.
4. Coleorhiza.

Answer: b.

Question 52: The large and shield-shaped single cotyledon found in the embryo of monocotyledons is called the:

1. Epiblast.
2. Scutellum.
3. Coleoptile.
4. Coleorhiza.

Answer: b.

Question 53: In a monocot seed, the plumule is enclosed in a sheath called:

1. Coleorhiza.
2. Coleoptile.
3. Scutellum.
4. Aleurone.

Answer: b.

Question 54: The floral formula uses specific symbols to represent floral parts. The symbol 'P' stands for:

1. Pistil.
2. Perianth.
3. Petal.
4. Pedicel.

Answer: b.

Question 55: The symbol for an actinomorphic flower in a floral formula is:

1. %
2. ⊕
3. K
4. C

Answer: b.

Question 56: In a floral formula, if a number is enclosed within a bracket, it indicates that the floral parts are:

1. Free (apocarpous/polysepalous).
2. Fused (syncarpous/gamosepalous).
3. Inferior.
4. Superior.

Answer: b.

Question 57: A line drawn below the symbol 'G' in a floral formula represents:

1. Inferior ovary.
2. Superior ovary.
3. Half-inferior ovary.
4. Sterile ovary.

Answer: b.

Question 58: The family Fabaceae was earlier known as Papilionoideae. It was treated as a subfamily of which larger family?

1. Leguminosae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Liliaceae.
4. Malvaceae.

Answer: a.

Question 59: The roots of plants belonging to the family Fabaceae are typically characterized by the presence of:

1. Pneumatophores.
2. Root nodules.
3. Prop roots.
4. Stilt roots.

Answer: b.

Question 60: The leaves of Fabaceae plants typically show which type of venation?

1. Parallel.
2. Reticulate.
3. Palmate parallel.
4. Dichotomous.

Answer: b.

Question 61: The inflorescence in the family Fabaceae is predominantly:

1. Cymose.
2. Racemose.
3. Solitary.
4. Umbel.

Answer: b.

Question 62: Which of the following floral formulas represents the family Fabaceae?

1. % ⚥ K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1
2. ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
3. Br ⊕ ⚥ P(3+3) A3+3 G(3)
4. ⊕ ⚥ K2+2 C4 A2+4 G(2)

Answer: a.

Question 63: The fruit type characteristic of the family Fabaceae is:

1. Berry.
2. Capsule.
3. Legume.
4. Drupe.

Answer: c.

Question 64: Indigofera, a plant yielding dye, belongs to which plant family?

1. Solanaceae.
2. Liliaceae.
3. Fabaceae.
4. Brassicaceae.

Answer: c.

Question 65: Mulethi, a plant known for its medicinal properties, is a member of the family:

1. Solanaceae.
2. Liliaceae.
3. Fabaceae.
4. Asteraceae.

Answer: c.

Question 66: The family Solanaceae is commonly known as the:

1. Potato family.
2. Pea family.
3. Lily family.
4. Sunflower family.

Answer: a.

Question 67: In Solanaceae, the leaves are typically alternate, simple, and rarely pinnately compound. Their venation is:

1. Parallel.
2. Reticulate.
3. Palmate.
4. Convergent.

Answer: b.

Question 68: The inflorescence in Solanaceae is typically solitary, axillary, or:

1. Racemose.
2. Cymose (as in Solanum).
3. Umbel.
4. Capitulum.

Answer: b.

Question 69: Which aestivation is predominantly seen in the calyx and corolla of the Solanaceae family?

1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Imbricate.
4. Vexillary.

Answer: a.

Question 70: In the family Solanaceae, the stamens are epipetalous. This means they are attached to the:

1. Sepals.
2. Petals.
3. Perianth.
4. Gynoecium.

Answer: b.

Question 71: The gynoecium in Solanaceae is bicarpellary, syncarpous, with a superior ovary. A unique identifying feature of its ovary is that it is:

1. Unilocular with marginal placentation.
2. Bilocular with an obliquely placed swollen placenta.
3. Trilocular with axile placentation.
4. Multilocular with parietal placentation.

Answer: b.

Question 72: The fruit of Solanaceae plants is typically a:

1. Legume or pod.
2. Berry or capsule.
3. Drupe or nut.
4. Samara or follicle.

Answer: b.

Question 73: The floral formula ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2) represents which family?

1. Fabaceae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Liliaceae.
4. Brassicaceae.

Answer: b.

Question 74: Makoi (Solanum nigrum) belongs to the family:

1. Liliaceae.
2. Fabaceae.
3. Solanaceae.
4. Malvaceae.

Answer: c.

Question 75: Ashwagandha and belladonna, which are renowned medicinal plants, belong to the family:

1. Fabaceae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Liliaceae.
4. Apocynaceae.

Answer: b.

Question 76: Petunia, a widely cultivated ornamental plant, is a member of:

1. Liliaceae.
2. Fabaceae.
3. Solanaceae.
4. Asteraceae.

Answer: c.

Question 77: The family Liliaceae is a representative of:

1. Dicotyledonous plants.
2. Monocotyledonous plants.
3. Gymnosperms.
4. Pteridophytes.

Answer: b.

Question 78: Plants in the family Liliaceae generally have underground organs of perennation such as:

1. Tap roots.
2. Bulbs, corms, or rhizomes.
3. Runners and stolons.
4. Tubers only.

Answer: b.

Question 79: The leaves of Liliaceae are mostly basal, alternate, linear, and exstipulate. They typically exhibit:

1. Reticulate venation.
2. Parallel venation.
3. Palmate reticulate venation.
4. Pinnate reticulate venation.

Answer: b.

Question 80: The perianth in Liliaceae consists of six tepals arranged in two whorls (3+3), often united into a tube. The typical aestivation shown is:

1. Vexillary.
2. Valvate.
3. Imbricate.
4. Twisted.

Answer: b.

Question 81: The stamens in Liliaceae are six in number, arranged in two whorls (3+3), and are typically:

1. Epipetalous.
2. Epiphyllous.
3. Syngenesious.
4. Monoadelphous.

Answer: b.

Question 82: The gynoecium in Liliaceae is tricarpellary and syncarpous. The ovary is superior, trilocular, and shows:

1. Axile placentation.
2. Parietal placentation.
3. Basal placentation.
4. Marginal placentation.

Answer: a.

Question 83: Colchicine, a chemical used to double chromosome numbers (induce polyploidy), is extracted from Colchicum autumnale which belongs to the family:

1. Solanaceae.
2. Fabaceae.
3. Liliaceae.
4. Brassicaceae.

Answer: c.

Question 84: Aloe, a well-known medicinal plant with thick fleshy leaves, belongs to the family:

1. Liliaceae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Fabaceae.
4. Cactaceae.

Answer: a.

Question 85: Asparagus, commonly used as a vegetable, is classified under which family?

1. Fabaceae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Liliaceae.
4. Cucurbitaceae.

Answer: c.

Question 86: The region of root where cells undergo maturation and differentiation to form various tissues is located:

1. Distal to the root cap.
2. Proximal to the region of elongation.
3. Proximal to the root cap.
4. Between the root cap and meristematic zone.

Answer: b.

Question 87: In Bougainvillea, thorns are modified axillary buds that protect the plant from grazing animals. They are structurally modified:

1. Roots.
2. Stems.
3. Leaves.
4. Stipules.

Answer: b.

Question 88: In Alstonia, more than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl. This type of phyllotaxy is called:

1. Alternate.
2. Opposite.
3. Whorled.
4. Distichous.

Answer: c.

Question 89: Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic of flowers pollinated by animals?

1. Large size.
2. Bright colors.
3. Fragrance.
4. Feathery stigma.

Answer: d.

Question 90: Flowers of Cassia and gulmohur are bilaterally symmetrical and can be divided into two equal halves in only one vertical plane. These flowers are:

1. Actinomorphic.
2. Zygomorphic.
3. Asymmetric.
4. Isomerous.

Answer: b.

Question 91: The floral appendage arrangement K(5) in a floral formula explicitly signifies that the calyx consists of five sepals which are:

1. Free from each other.
2. Fused with each other.
3. Fused with the petals.
4. Reduced to scales.

Answer: b.

Question 92: The perianth condition is characteristically seen in flowers where there is no distinct differentiation between:

1. Calyx and corolla.
2. Androecium and gynoecium.
3. Stigma and style.
4. Filament and anther.

Answer: a.

Question 93: Endospermic seeds store reserve food in the endosperm. Which of the following is an example of an endospermic dicot seed?

1. Pea.
2. Gram.
3. Castor.
4. Bean.

Answer: c.

Question 94: A typical flower has four different kinds of whorls arranged successively on the swollen end of the stalk or pedicel. This swollen end is known as the:

1. Receptacle or thalamus.
2. Peduncle.
3. Calyx tube.
4. Floral axis.

Answer: a.

Question 95: Ray florets of sunflower have an inferior ovary. This implies that the flower itself is:

1. Hypogynous.
2. Epigynous.
3. Perigynous.
4. Naked.

Answer: b.

Question 96: In marginal placentation, ovules are borne on the ridge formed by the ventral suture of the ovary. This type of placentation is characteristic of:

1. Tomato.
2. Lemon.
3. Pea.
4. Sunflower.

Answer: c.

Question 97: Synandrous is a condition where both the filaments and the anthers of stamens are fused throughout their length. While not detailed deeply in NCERT, typical cohesion of stamens into a single bundle as in China rose is specifically termed:

1. Monoadelphous.
2. Diadelphous.
3. Polyadelphous.
4. Syngenesious.

Answer: a.

Question 98: Diadelphous condition of stamens, represented as (9)+1, is an important diagnostic feature of which family?

1. Malvaceae.
2. Fabaceae.
3. Solanaceae.
4. Liliaceae.

Answer: b.

Question 99: The persistent calyx found in fruits like brinjal and tomato is a characteristic feature of the family:

1. Cucurbitaceae.
2. Solanaceae.
3. Fabaceae.
4. Liliaceae.

Answer: b.

Question 100: A modification where the fleshy stem takes over the function of photosynthesis due to leaves being reduced to spines, as seen in Opuntia, is primarily an adaptation to:

1. Prevent grazing.
2. Reduce water loss by transpiration.
3. Store large amounts of carbohydrates.
4. Increase buoyancy in water.

Answer: b.

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