MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS
The Root
- Taproot system : Mustard plant (Dicot)
- Fibrous root system : Wheat (Monocot)
- Adventitious root system : Grass, Monstera & Banyan Tree
Modifications of Root
➢ Swollen roots for food storage - Tap roots of carrot, Turnip
- Adventitious root of sweet potato
➢ Fasciculated roots of Asparagus (Cladode)
➢ Prop Roots : Banyan tree
➢ Stilt Roots : Maize & Sugarcane
➢ Pneumatophores : Rhizophora
The Stem
Modifications of Stem
➢ For food storage
- Underground stems of potato, Ginger, Turmeric, Zaminkand
Colocasia (Acts as organs of perennation)
➢ Stem tendrils (Axillary buds) - Gourds (cucumber, pumpkins, watermelon), Grapevines
➢ Thorns : Citrus, Bougainvillea
➢ Phylloclade : Fleshy - Opuntia (Flattened stem), Euphorbia (Cylindrical stem)
➢ Runner : Grass, Strawberry
➢ Stolon : Pepper Mint, Jasmine
➢ Offset : Pistia, Eichhornia
➢ Sucker : Banana, Pineapple, Chrysanthemum, Mint
The Leaf
Monocots : Leaf base expanded in form of sheath
Legumes : Leaf base swollen (Pulvinus)
➢ Venation
- Reticulate : Dicotyledons, Parallel : Monocotyledons
➢ Types of Leaves - Pinnate compound leaf : Neem
- Palmate compound leaf : Silk cotton
➢ Phyllotaxy - Alternate : China rose, Mustard, Sun flower
- Opposite : Calotropis, Guava, Whorled : Alstonia
➢ Modifications of Leaves - Tendrils : Peas, Spines : Cacti
- Fleshy leaves : Onion & Garlic
- Phyllode : Australian acacia
➢ Insectivorous plants : - Pitcher plant : Nepenthes, Venus : Fly trap
The Flower
➢ Inflorescence
- Solitary
- Racemose : Acropetal succession
- Cymose : Basipetal succession
➢ Based on Symmetry - Actinomorphic (radial symmetry) : Mustard, Datura
Chilli, China rose - Zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry) : Pea, Gulmohur, Bean, Cassia
- Asymmetric (irregular) : Canna
Based on the position of calyx, corolla & androecium in respect of the ovary on the thalamus
- Hypogynous : Mustard, china rose, brinjal, mango & coconut
- Perigynous : Plum, rose, peach
- Epigynous : Guava, cucumber, ray florets of sunflower
Parts of Flower
Calyx
- Gamosepalous
- Polysepalous
2. Corolla
- ➢ Aestivation
- Valvate : Calotropis
- Twisted : China rose, Lady’s finger & Cotton
- Imbricate : Cassia & Gulmohur
- Vexillary : Papilionaceous (Pea, Bean)
3. Androecium (Stamen)
- Epipetalous : Brinjal
- Epiphyllous : Lily
- Monoadelphous : China rose
- Diadelphous : Pea
- Polyadelphous : Citrus
- Variation in the length of filaments : Mustard, Salvia
4. Gynoecium (Pistil)
- Polycarpellary Pistils
- Apocarpous : Lotus, Rose & Michelia
- Syncarpous : Mustard, Tomato, Papaver & Hibiscus
- Placentation
- Marginal : Pea
- Axile : China rose, tomato & lemon
- Parietal : Mustard & Argemone
- Basal : Sunflower & marigold
- Free central : Dianthus & Primrose
Question 1. In which of the following plants does the primary root persist throughout the life of the plant and form the taproot system?
(a) Wheat.
(b) Mustard.
(c) Monstera.
(d) Banyan tree.
Answer: (b) Mustard.
Question 2. Roots that originate from the base of the stem in monocotyledonous plants are known as?
(a) Tap roots.
(b) Lateral roots.
(c) Fibrous roots.
(d) Adventitious roots.
Answer: (c) Fibrous roots.
Question 3. Which of the following is a specific example of an adventitious root system mentioned in the text?
(a) Carrot.
(b) Turnip.
(c) Grass.
(d) Wheat.
Answer: (c) Grass.
Question 4. Pneumatophores are specialized roots found in plants growing in swampy areas; identify the correct example?
(a) Asparagus.
(b) Rhizophora.
(c) Colocasia.
(d) Zaminkand.
Answer: (b) Rhizophora.
Question 5. In Asparagus, the fasciculated roots are primarily associated with which type of stem modification?
(a) Phylloclade.
(b) Cladode.
(c) Phyllode.
(d) Sucker.
Answer: (b) Cladode.
Question 6. Prop roots are providing mechanical support to which of the following?
(a) Maize.
(b) Sugarcane.
(c) Banyan tree.
(d) Monstera.
Answer: (c) Banyan tree.
Question 7. Stilt roots arise from the lower nodes of the stem in which set of plants?
(a) Banyan and Rhizophora.
(b) Maize and Sugarcane.
(c) Carrot and Turnip.
(d) Sweet potato and Asparagus.
Answer: (b) Maize and Sugarcane.
Question 8. Which of the following is an example of an adventitious root modified for food storage?
(a) Carrot.
(b) Turnip.
(c) Sweet potato.
(d) Radish.
Answer: (c) Sweet potato.
Question 9. In Rhizophora, pneumatophores help the plant by?
(a) Storing food material.
(b) Providing mechanical support.
(c) Getting oxygen for respiration.
(d) Absorbing water from the atmosphere.
Answer: (c) Getting oxygen for respiration.
Question 10. The regions of the root from the base to the tip are?
(a) Maturation, Elongation, Meristematic.
(b) Meristematic, Elongation, Maturation.
(c) Elongation, Maturation, Meristematic.
(d) Root cap, Meristematic, Maturation.
Answer: (b) Meristematic, Elongation, Maturation.
Question 11. Underground stems of some plants act as organs of perennation to?
(a) Store food and tide over unfavorable growth conditions.
(b) Facilitate rapid vegetative propagation only.
(c) Protect the plant from herbivores.
(d) Increase the rate of transpiration.
Answer: (a) Store food and tide over unfavorable growth conditions.
Question 12. Which of the following is NOT an underground stem modification?
(a) Potato.
(b) Ginger.
(c) Colocasia.
(d) Euphorbia.
Answer: (d) Euphorbia.
Question 13. Stem tendrils that develop from axillary buds are found in?
(a) Pea.
(b) Cucumber.
(c) Citrus.
(d) Bougainvillea.
Answer: (b) Cucumber.
Question 14. Thorns, which are woody, straight, and pointed, are modifications of?
(a) Leaf.
(b) Axillary buds.
(c) Stipules.
(d) Adventitious roots.
Answer: (b) Axillary buds.
Question 15. In arid regions, plants like Opuntia modify their stems into?
(a) Cylindrical structures.
(b) Flattened structures.
(c) Thorns.
(d) Tendrils.
Answer: (b) Flattened structures.
Question 16. Euphorbia possesses a stem modification known as a phylloclade which is?
(a) Flattened.
(b) Cylindrical.
(c) Spiny.
(d) Underground.
Answer: (b) Cylindrical.
Question 17. The modification of the stem seen in Grass and Strawberry to spread to new niches is called?
(a) Runner.
(b) Sucker.
(c) Stolon.
(d) Offset.
Answer: (a) Runner.
Question 18. In Mint and Jasmine, a slender lateral branch arises from the base of the main axis and after growing aerially for some time arches downwards to touch the ground. This is a?
(a) Runner.
(b) Sucker.
(c) Stolon.
(d) Offset.
Answer: (c) Stolon.
Question 19. A lateral branch with short internodes and each node bearing a rosette of leaves and a tuft of roots is found in?
(a) Pistia.
(b) Chrysanthemum.
(c) Pineapple.
(d) Strawberry.
Answer: (a) Pistia.
Question 20. Suckers are found in which of the following combinations?
(a) Banana, Pineapple, Chrysanthemum.
(b) Mint, Jasmine, Strawberry.
(c) Citrus, Bougainvillea, Opuntia.
(d) Colocasia, Zaminkand, Turmeric.
Answer: (a) Banana, Pineapple, Chrysanthemum.
Question 21. The leaf base may become swollen in some leguminous plants; this swollen leaf base is called?
(a) Sheath.
(b) Pulvinus.
(c) Stipule.
(d) Petiole.
Answer: (b) Pulvinus.
Question 22. In monocotyledons, the leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem?
(a) Partially.
(b) Completely.
(c) Either partially or completely.
(d) Not at all.
Answer: (c) Either partially or completely.
Question 23. Reticulate venation is a characteristic feature of?
(a) Most monocotyledons.
(b) Most dicotyledons.
(c) All bryophytes.
(d) Pteridophytes only.
Answer: (b) Most dicotyledons.
Question 24. A leaf is said to be simple when its lamina is?
(a) Always entire.
(b) Incised, but incisions do not touch the midrib.
(c) Divided into leaflets.
(d) Attached directly to the node without a petiole.
Answer: (b) Incised, but incisions do not touch the midrib.
Question 25. Neem is a classic example of?
(a) Simple leaf.
(b) Pinnately compound leaf.
(c) Palmately compound leaf.
(d) Whorled phyllotaxy.
Answer: (b) Pinnately compound leaf.
Question 26. In Silk Cotton, the leaflets are attached at a common point, i.e., at the tip of the petiole. This is known as?
(a) Pinnately compound leaf.
(b) Palmately compound leaf.
(c) Simple leaf.
(d) Alternate phyllotaxy.
Answer: (b) Palmately compound leaf.
Question 27. Identify the plant with alternate phyllotaxy?
(a) Calotropis.
(b) Guava.
(c) China rose.
(d) Alstonia.
Answer: (c) China rose.
Question 28. If more than two leaves arise at a node and form a circle, the phyllotaxy is called?
(a) Alternate.
(b) Opposite.
(c) Whorled.
(d) Spiral.
Answer: (c) Whorled.
Question 29. Alstonia is an example of which phyllotaxy?
(a) Alternate.
(b) Opposite.
(c) Whorled.
(d) Decussate.
Answer: (c) Whorled.
Question 30. In which plant are leaves modified into tendrils for climbing?
(a) Cacti.
(b) Onion.
(c) Peas.
(d) Australian acacia.
Answer: (c) Peas.
Question 31. Spines in Cacti are the modification of?
(a) Stem.
(b) Leaves.
(c) Stipules.
(d) Petioles.
Answer: (b) Leaves.
Question 32. In Australian acacia, the leaves are small and short-lived; the petioles expand and become green to synthesize food. These are called?
(a) Phylloclades.
(b) Phyllodes.
(c) Cladodes.
(d) Scales.
Answer: (b) Phyllodes.
Question 33. Which of the following are examples of insectivorous plants with modified leaves?
(a) Nepenthes and Venus flytrap.
(b) Cuscuta and Rafflesia.
(c) Opuntia and Euphorbia.
(d) Alstonia and Calotropis.
Answer: (a) Nepenthes and Venus flytrap.
Question 34. In Onion and Garlic, food is stored in?
(a) Fleshy stems.
(b) Fleshy leaves.
(c) Root tubers.
(d) Scape.
Answer: (b) Fleshy leaves.
Question 35. The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is termed as?
(a) Phyllotaxy.
(b) Venation.
(c) Inflorescence.
(d) Aestivation.
Answer: (c) Inflorescence.
Question 36. In a Racemose inflorescence, the flowers are arranged in?
(a) Basipetal succession.
(b) Acropetal succession.
(c) Centripetal succession.
(d) Centrifugal succession.
Answer: (b) Acropetal succession.
Question 37. In Cymose inflorescence, the main axis?
(a) Continues to grow indefinitely.
(b) Terminates in a flower.
(c) Shows unlimited growth.
(d) Lacks flowers.
Answer: (b) Terminates in a flower.
Question 38. A flower that can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the center is said to be?
(a) Zygomorphic.
(b) Actinomorphic.
(c) Asymmetric.
(d) Bilateral.
Answer: (b) Actinomorphic.
Question 39. Which of the following flowers is Zygomorphic?
(a) Mustard.
(b) Datura.
(c) Chilli.
(d) Gulmohur.
Answer: (d) Gulmohur.
Question 40. Canna is an example of a flower that is?
(a) Actinomorphic.
(b) Zygomorphic.
(c) Asymmetric.
(d) Isomorphic.
Answer: (c) Asymmetric.
Question 41. In a Hypogynous flower, the position of the ovary is?
(a) Superior.
(b) Inferior.
(c) Half-inferior.
(d) Lateral.
Answer: (a) Superior.
Question 42. Which of the following is an example of an Epigynous flower?
(a) Brinjal.
(b) Mustard.
(c) Ray florets of sunflower.
(d) China rose.
Answer: (c) Ray florets of sunflower.
Question 43. Perigynous flowers are found in?
(a) Rose, Plum, Peach.
(b) Guava, Cucumber, Sunflower.
(c) Mustard, Brinjal, China rose.
(d) Pea, Bean, Cassia.
Answer: (a) Rose, Plum, Peach.
Question 44. When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin without overlapping, it is called?
(a) Twisted aestivation.
(b) Valvate aestivation.
(c) Imbricate aestivation.
(d) Vexillary aestivation.
Answer: (b) Valvate aestivation.
Question 45. Valvate aestivation is typically seen in?
(a) China rose.
(b) Calotropis.
(c) Lady’s finger.
(d) Cotton.
Answer: (b) Calotropis.
Question 46. In which aestivation does one margin of the appendage overlap that of the next one and so on?
(a) Valvate.
(b) Twisted.
(c) Imbricate.
(d) Vexillary.
Answer: (b) Twisted.
Question 47. Twisted aestivation is found in?
(a) Cassia and Gulmohur.
(b) China rose, Lady's finger, and Cotton.
(c) Pea and Bean.
(d) Calotropis.
Answer: (b) China rose, Lady's finger, and Cotton.
Question 48. In Cassia and Gulmohur, the aestivation is?
(a) Valvate.
(b) Twisted.
(c) Imbricate.
(d) Vexillary.
Answer: (c) Imbricate.
Question 49. The "Standard", "Wings", and "Keel" are parts of which aestivation?
(a) Valvate.
(b) Twisted.
(c) Imbricate.
(d) Vexillary.
Answer: (d) Vexillary.
Question 50. Vexillary aestivation is a characteristic of which family?
(a) Solanaceae.
(b) Fabaceae (Papilionaceous).
(c) Liliaceae.
(d) Brassicaceae.
Answer: (b) Fabaceae (Papilionaceous).
Question 51. When stamens are attached to the petals, they are?
(a) Epiphyllous.
(b) Epipetalous.
(c) Monadelphous.
(d) Polyadelphous.
Answer: (b) Epipetalous.
Question 52. Epipetalous stamens are found in?
(a) Lily.
(b) Brinjal.
(c) China rose.
(d) Citrus.
Answer: (b) Brinjal.
Question 53. In Lily, stamens are attached to the perianth; this condition is called?
(a) Epipetalous.
(b) Epiphyllous.
(c) Diadelphous.
(d) Polyadelphous.
Answer: (b) Epiphyllous.
Question 54. If the stamens in a flower remain free, the condition is?
(a) Gamosepalous.
(b) Polyandrous.
(c) Monadelphous.
(d) Syncarpous.
Answer: (b) Polyandrous.
Question 55. Monadelphous stamens (united into one bunch) are found in?
(a) Pea.
(b) China rose.
(c) Citrus.
(d) Salvia.
Answer: (b) China rose.
Question 56. Diadelphous stamens are found in?
(a) Citrus.
(b) China rose.
(c) Pea.
(d) Mustard.
Answer: (c) Pea.
Question 57. Polyadelphous condition (stamens united into more than two bundles) occurs in?
(a) China rose.
(b) Pea.
(c) Citrus.
(d) Tomato.
Answer: (c) Citrus.
Question 58. Variation in the length of filaments within a flower is seen in?
(a) China rose and Pea.
(b) Salvia and Mustard.
(c) Citrus and Brinjal.
(d) Tomato and Datura.
Answer: (b) Salvia and Mustard.
Question 59. When more than one carpel is present and they are free, the condition is?
(a) Syncarpous.
(b) Apocarpous.
(c) Epigynous.
(d) Monocarpellary.
Answer: (b) Apocarpous.
Question 60. Apocarpous gynoecium is found in?
(a) Mustard and Tomato.
(b) Lotus and Rose.
(c) Papaver and Hibiscus.
(d) Brinjal and Chilli.
Answer: (b) Lotus and Rose.
Question 61. Syncarpous gynoecium (carpels fused) is found in?
(a) Lotus.
(b) Rose.
(c) Mustard and Tomato.
(d) Michelia.
Answer: (c) Mustard and Tomato.
Question 62. After fertilization, the ovules develop into?
(a) Fruit.
(b) Seeds.
(c) Pericarp.
(d) Embryo sac.
Answer: (b) Seeds.
Question 63. Marginal placentation is found in?
(a) China rose.
(b) Pea.
(c) Tomato.
(d) Mustard.
Answer: (b) Pea.
Question 64. In Axile placentation, the placenta is axial and the ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary; examples include?
(a) Pea.
(b) China rose, Tomato, Lemon.
(c) Mustard, Argemone.
(d) Dianthus, Primrose.
Answer: (b) China rose, Tomato, Lemon.
Question 65. In Parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the?
(a) Central axis.
(b) Inner wall of the ovary.
(c) Base of the ovary.
(d) Thalamus.
Answer: (b) Inner wall of the ovary.
Question 66. Which plants show Parietal placentation?
(a) Mustard and Argemone.
(b) Sunflower and Marigold.
(c) Dianthus and Primrose.
(d) China rose and Lemon.
Answer: (a) Mustard and Argemone.
Question 67. When the ovules are borne on the central axis and septa are absent, the placentation is?
(a) Axile.
(b) Parietal.
(c) Free central.
(d) Basal.
Answer: (c) Free central.
Question 68. Free central placentation is found in?
(a) Argemone.
(b) Dianthus and Primrose.
(c) Sunflower.
(d) Lemon.
Answer: (b) Dianthus and Primrose.
Question 69. In Basal placentation, the placenta develops at the base of the ovary and a single ovule is attached to it; examples are?
(a) Pea.
(b) China rose.
(c) Sunflower and Marigold.
(d) Mustard.
Answer: (c) Sunflower and Marigold.
Question 70. The "Ray florets of sunflower" possess which type of flower?
(a) Hypogynous.
(b) Perigynous.
(c) Epigynous.
(d) None of the above.
Answer: (c) Epigynous.
Question 71. Fruits are matured or ripened?
(a) Ovules.
(b) Ovaries.
(c) Thalamus.
(d) Petals.
Answer: (b) Ovaries.
Question 72. A parthenocarpic fruit is formed?
(a) After fertilization.
(b) Without fertilization of the ovary.
(c) From the thalamus.
(d) From the inflorescence.
Answer: (b) Without fertilization of the ovary.
Question 73. In Mango and Coconut, the fruit is known as a?
(a) Berry.
(b) Drupe.
(c) Capsule.
(d) Pepo.
Answer: (b) Drupe.
Question 74. In Mango, the edible part is the?
(a) Epicarp.
(b) Mesocarp.
(c) Endocarp.
(d) Seed.
Answer: (b) Mesocarp.
Question 75. In Coconut, the mesocarp is?
(a) Fleshy.
(b) Fibrous.
(c) Stony.
(d) Edible.
Answer: (b) Fibrous.
Question 76. The outermost covering of a seed is the?
(a) Pericarp.
(b) Seed coat.
(c) Hilum.
(d) Endosperm.
Answer: (b) Seed coat.
Question 77. In a dicotyledonous seed, the hilum is a?
(a) Small pore.
(b) Scar on the seed coat.
(c) Part of the embryo.
(d) Food storage organ.
Answer: (b) Scar on the seed coat.
Question 78. Which of the following is generally a non-endospermic seed?
(a) Castor.
(b) Maize.
(c) Pea.
(d) Wheat.
Answer: (c) Pea.
Question 79. In monocotyledonous seeds like Maize, the outer covering of the endosperm separates the embryo by a proteinous layer called?
(a) Scutellum.
(b) Aleurone layer.
(c) Coleoptile.
(d) Coleorhiza.
Answer: (b) Aleurone layer.
Question 80. The single large shield-shaped cotyledon in monocots is known as?
(a) Aleurone.
(b) Scutellum.
(c) Plumule.
(d) Radicle.
Answer: (b) Scutellum.
Question 81. In monocot embryos, the plumule and radicle are enclosed in sheaths called?
(a) Coleoptile and Coleorhiza respectively.
(b) Coleorhiza and Coleoptile respectively.
(c) Scutellum and Aleurone respectively.
(d) Hilum and Micropyle respectively.
Answer: (a) Coleoptile and Coleorhiza respectively.
Question 82. Which of the following families is characterized by a "Vexillary" aestivation and "Diadelphous" stamens?
(a) Solanaceae.
(b) Fabaceae.
(c) Liliaceae.
(d) Brassicaceae.
Answer: (b) Fabaceae.
Question 83. The floral formula of Solanaceae typically includes?
(a) Actinomorphic, bisexual, 5 fused sepals, 5 fused petals, 5 epipetalous stamens.
(b) Zygomorphic, bisexual, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 10 stamens.
(c) Actinomorphic, bisexual, 3+3 tepals, 3+3 stamens.
(d) Actinomorphic, unisexual, 4 sepals, 4 petals.
Answer: (a) Actinomorphic, bisexual, 5 fused sepals, 5 fused petals, 5 epipetalous stamens.
Question 84. Potato, Tomato, and Brinjal belong to the family?
(a) Fabaceae.
(b) Solanaceae.
(c) Liliaceae.
(d) Poaceae.
Answer: (b) Solanaceae.
Question 85. Liliaceae family is characterized by?
(a) Perianth (tepals).
(b) Calyx and Corolla.
(c) Epipetalous stamens.
(d) Marginal placentation.
Answer: (a) Perianth (tepals).
Question 86. Which of the following is a medicinal plant belonging to Solanaceae?
(a) Aloe.
(b) Belladonna.
(c) Muliathi.
(d) Lupin.
Answer: (b) Belladonna.
Question 87. Colchicine is obtained from a plant belonging to the family?
(a) Solanaceae.
(b) Fabaceae.
(c) Liliaceae.
(d) Asteraceae.
Answer: (c) Liliaceae.
Question 88. "Pulvinus" leaf base is a characteristic of?
(a) Solanaceae.
(b) Leguminosae (Fabaceae).
(c) Liliaceae.
(d) Cruciferae.
Answer: (b) Leguminosae (Fabaceae).
Question 89. In which plant does the stem act as an organ of perennation and store food?
(a) Zaminkand.
(b) Bougainvillea.
(c) Citrus.
(d) Opuntia.
Answer: (a) Zaminkand.
Question 90. Which of the following is a source of pulses?
(a) Petunia.
(b) Indigofera.
(c) Arhar.
(d) Asparagus.
Answer: (c) Arhar.
Question 91. The term "Phylloclade" refers to?
(a) Green leaf-like petiole.
(b) Green photosynthetic stem.
(c) Swollen leaf base.
(d) Floral axis.
Answer: (b) Green photosynthetic stem.
Question 92. Which of the following plants has a "Whorled" phyllotaxy?
(a) China rose.
(b) Alstonia.
(c) Calotropis.
(d) Guava.
Answer: (b) Alstonia.
Question 93. A standard petal in vexillary aestivation is also called?
(a) Carina.
(b) Vexillum.
(c) Ala.
(d) Corona.
Answer: (b) Vexillum.
Question 94. Syncarpous gynoecium and superior ovary are found in?
(a) Mustard.
(b) Rose.
(c) Lotus.
(d) Peach.
Answer: (a) Mustard.
Question 95. The ovary is half-inferior in the flowers of?
(a) Guava.
(b) Plum.
(c) Brinjal.
(d) Cucumber.
Answer: (b) Plum.
Question 96. "Free central" placentation is characterized by the absence of?
(a) Ovules.
(b) Septa.
(c) Placenta.
(d) Thalamus.
Answer: (b) Septa.
Question 97. Which of the following is a "Drupe"?
(a) Tomato.
(b) Mango.
(c) Wheat.
(d) Pea.
Answer: (b) Mango.
Question 98. Non-albuminous (non-endospermic) seeds are found in?
(a) Wheat.
(b) Maize.
(c) Pea.
(d) Castor.
Answer: (c) Pea.
Question 99. The "Aleurone layer" in maize grain is rich in?
(a) Lipid.
(b) Starch.
(c) Protein.
(d) Sugar.
Answer: (c) Protein.
Question 100. Roots developing from the nodes of the stem in sugarcane are?
(a) Prop roots.
(b) Stilt roots.
(c) Pneumatophores.
(d) Tap roots.
Answer: (b) Stilt roots.
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